At the time of the ban, the community had around 40,000 members. On October 25, 2017, Reddit announced a new policy that prohibited "content that encourages, glorifies, incites, or calls for violence or physical harm against an individual or a group of people", and on November 7, 2017, banned the /r/incels subreddit under the policy's purview. It was known as a place where men blamed women for their inceldom, sometimes advocated for rape or other forms of violence, and were misogynistic and often racist. The r/incels subreddit, a forum on the website Reddit, later became a particularly active incel community. According to Bruce Hoffman and colleagues writing in Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, as "edgy" and extremist statements became more prevalent in incel communities, so too did extremist trolling and " shitposting". In the 2000s, incel communities became more extremist as they adopted behaviors common on forums like 4chan and Reddit, where extremist posts were encouraged as a way to achieve visibility. Over the next decade, the membership of and online fringe right-wing communities like 4chan increasingly overlapped. While IncelSupport welcomed men and women and banned misogynistic posts, 's userbase was overwhelmingly male.
It was less strictly moderated than its counterpart, IncelSupport, which was also founded in the 2000s. The message board was founded in 2003 as a place for people who felt perpetually rejected or were extremely shy with potential partners to discuss their situations. She expressed regret at the change in usage from her original intent of creating an "inclusive community" for people of all genders who were sexually deprived due to social awkwardness, marginalization, or mental illness. When she read about the 2014 Isla Vista killings, and that parts of the incel subculture glorified the perpetrator, she wrote: "Like a scientist who invented something that ended up being a weapon of war, I can't uninvent this word, nor restrict it to the nicer people who need it". Things have changed in the last 20 years". That's a pretty sad version of this phenomenon that's happening today. In 2018, Alana said of her project: "It definitely wasn't a bunch of guys blaming women for their problems. She stopped participating in her online project around 2000 and gave the site to a stranger. During her college years and after, Alana realized she was bisexual and became more comfortable with her identity. During 1997, she started a mailing list on the topic that used the abbreviation INVCEL, later shortened to "incel", for "anybody of any gender who was lonely, had never had sex or who hadn't had a relationship in a long time". Titled "Alana's Involuntary Celibacy Project", the website was used by people of all genders to share their thoughts and experiences. She created the website to discuss her sexual inactivity with others. The website was founded by a university student living in Toronto known only by her first name, Alana. The first website to use the term "incel" was founded during the 1990s, although media is conflicted on whether this occurred during 1993 or 1997. Incel communities have been increasingly criticized by scholars and commentators for their misogyny, the condoning and encouragement of violence, and extremism. Since 2014, multiple mass killings have been perpetrated by self-identified incels, as well as other instances of violence or attempted violence. Estimates of the overall size of the subculture vary greatly, ranging from thousands to hundreds of thousands of individuals. Incels are mostly male and heterosexual, and are often white. The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) described the subculture as "part of the online male supremacist ecosystem" that is included in their list of hate groups.
Discussions in incel forums are often characterized by resentment and hatred, misogyny, misanthropy, self-pity and self-loathing, racism, a sense of entitlement to sex, and the endorsement of violence against women and sexually active people. For other uses, see Incel (disambiguation).Īn incel ( / ˈ ɪ n s ɛ l/ IN-sel, a portmanteau of " involuntary celibate") is a member of an online subculture of people who define themselves as unable to get a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one.
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